International actors
Tracking developments of international actors in Libya’s security space including military activity, the presence of foreign operatives and diplomacy pertaining to Libya’s security.
Over 17k migrants intercepted and returned to Libya this year, says IOM
On 16 September, the IOM said that 17,402 migrants were intercepted and returned to Libya thus far in 2025, with 456 deaths and 420 people missing. 1,161 people were intercepted and brought back from 7 to 13 September 2025 alone. According to Frontex data, irregular...
At least 50 people killed in shipwreck off Libya’s coast
Many refugees and migrants have been killed or are missing following several shipwrecks off Libya over the last week. On 15 September, a vessel carrying refugees heading towards Greece caught fire off the coast of Tubruq and capsised. The following day, the...
Italian Senate ratifies prisoner transfer agreement with Libya
On 11 September, the Italian Senate ratified the prisoner transfer agreement signed between Libya and Italy in Palermo on 29 September 2023. The agreement allows Libyan convicts in Italy to serve their sentences inside Libya and is supposed to prevent uneasy...
Italy and Turkey sign deal to curb irregular migration from Libya
On 11 September, Italy’s Foreign Minister Antonio Tajani met with his Turkish counterpart, Hakan Fidan, in Rome. They signed a cooperation agreement to curb irregular migration from Libya - implementation is due to start in just two weeks. Tajani noted that this...
Italian delegation visits Benghazi and signs MoUs
On 11 September, Belqasim Haftar, Director General of the Libyan Development and Reconstruction Fund (LDRF), received the head of the Italian Intelligence Service, Giovanni Caravelli, who led a high-level official delegation from the Italian authorities. The...
LNIHR accuses Tripoli armed groups of war crimes in ICC report
On 6 September, Libya’s National Institution for Human Rights submitted a report to the International Criminal Court (ICC) accusing armed groups of war crimes during clashes in Tripoli on 12-13 May. According to the report, the violence killed 25 civilians, injured...
Sudan submits evidence to UN of UAE sending mercenaries via Libya
On 6 September, Sudan filed a new complaint supported with evidence to the Security Council regarding the direct involvement of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) in the ongoing war in Sudan, including its role in recruiting Colombian mercenaries and deploying them to...
Khaled Haftar meets Russian MoD in second Moscow visit this week
On 5 September, the newly-appointed Chief of Staff of the Libyan National Army (LNA) Khaled Haftar visited Moscow for the second time in a week, meeting Russian Defence Minister Andrey Belousov. According to the Russian Defence Ministry, they discussed bilateral...
Berlin working group urges peaceful resolution of GNU-Rada issues
On 4 September, the Berlin Process Security Working Group (SWG) co-chairs - SRSG Hanna Tetteh and the ambassadors of the African Union, France, Italy, Turkey, and the UK - held a meeting at UNSMIL’s HQ in Janzour in the presence of Libyan Army Chief of General Staff...